Recognizing the Symptoms of a Stroke: How to Act FAST

Every minute counts when someone is having a stroke. According to the American Stroke Association, stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in North America, but quick recognition and response can dramatically improve outcomes. Understanding how to identify stroke symptoms using the FAST protocol could help save a life.

What is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, either by a blood clot (ischemic stroke) or a burst blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). When brain cells don’t receive oxygen and nutrients, they begin to die within minutes, making immediate medical attention crucial.

The FAST Protocol: Your Guide to Stroke Recognition

The FAST acronym helps anyone remember the most common stroke symptoms and appropriate response:

F – Face Drooping

• Ask the person to smile
• Is one side drooping?
• Does one side feel numb?

A – Arm Weakness

• Ask them to raise both arms
• Does one arm drift downward?
• Is there weakness or numbness in one arm?

S – Speech Difficulties

• Ask them to repeat a simple phrase
• Is their speech slurred or strange?
• Are they unable to speak or hard to understand?

T – Time to Call Emergency Services

• If you observe ANY of these signs, call 911 immediately
• Note the time symptoms first appeared
• Don’t wait to see if symptoms improve

Additional Stroke Symptoms to Watch For

While FAST covers the most common symptoms, other warning signs include:

• Sudden severe headache
• Unexpected dizziness or loss of balance
• Vision problems in one or both eyes
• Confusion or trouble understanding
• Numbness on one side of the body

Why Time Matters

Brain cells die rapidly during a stroke. The longer treatment is delayed, the greater the risk of permanent disability or death. Modern stroke treatments can be highly effective but typically must be administered within a specific time window after symptoms begin.

Risk Factors and Prevention

Understanding stroke risk factors can help with prevention:

• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Physical inactivity
• Obesity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Family history of stroke

After a Stroke: The Recovery Journey

Recovery from a stroke is unique to each person and may require various types of support:

• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Speech therapy
• Personal care assistance
• Home modifications
• Family caregiver support

When Home Care Can Help

Returning home after a stroke often requires adjustments and support. Professional caregivers can assist with:

• Personal care and mobility
• Medication management
• Physical therapy exercises
• Home safety modifications
• Transportation to medical appointments
• Family caregiver respite

Don’t wait until an emergency occurs to learn about stroke symptoms. Share this information with family members and create an emergency plan. If you or a loved one has experienced a stroke and needs support during recovery, Qualicare’s professional care team is here to help.